Leedsichthys - Facts and Figures

Name: Leedsichthys (Greek for Leeds fish); pronounced leeds-ICK-thissHabitat: Oceans worldwideHistorical Period: Middle-Late Jurassic (189-144 million years ago)Size and Weight: 30 to 70 feet long and five to 50 tonsDiet: PlanktonDistinguishing Characteristics: Large size; semi-cartilaginous skeleton; thousands of teeth About Leedsichthys The last (i.e., species) name of Leedsichthys is problematicus, which should give you some clue about the controversy occasioned by this gigantic prehistoric fish. The problem is that, although Leedsichthys is known from dozens of fossil remains from around the world, these specimens dont consistently add up to a convincing snapshot, leading to grossly divergent size estimates: more conservative paleontologists venture guesses of about 30 feet long and 5 to 10 tons, while others maintain that superannuated Leedsichthys adults could attain lengths of over 70 feet and weights of over 50 tons. Were on much firmer ground when it comes to Leedsichthys feeding habits. This Jurassic fish was equipped with a whopping 40,000 teeth, which it used not to prey on the larger fish and marine reptiles of its day, but to filter-feed plankton (much like a modern Blue Whale). By opening its mouth extra-wide, Leedsichthys could gulp in hundreds of gallons of water every second, more than enough to cover its outsized dietary needs. As with many prehistoric animals discovered in the 19th century, the fossils of Leedsichthys were an ongoing source of confusion (and competition). When the farmer Alfred Nicholson Leeds discovered the bones in a loam pit near Peterborough, England, in 1886, he forwarded them to a fellow fossil hunter, who misidentified them as the back plates of a stegosaur dinosaur. The next year, during a trip overseas, the eminent American paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh correctly diagnosed the remains as belonging to a giant prehistoric fish, at which point Leeds made a brief career of excavating additional fossils and selling them to natural history museums. One little-appreciated fact about Leedsichthys is that its the earliest identified filter-feeding marine animal, a category that also includes prehistoric whales, to attain giant sizes. Clearly, there was an explosion in plankton populations during the early Jurassic period, which fueled the evolution of fish like Leedsichthys, and just as clearly this giant filter-feeder went extinct when krill populations mysteriously plunged at the cusp of the ensuing Cretaceous period.

Hipaa And The Nurse Anesthesthesia Environment - 1621 Words

HIPAA and the Nurse Anesthesthesia Environment Matthew S. Cole University of New England Protecting Patient Health Information in a Digital Era We live in a digital age where everything from photos to important documents is saved or stored online. This includes the use of electronic medical records. The electronic medical record (EMR) is useful in assisting physicians to have a complete and thorough health history of the patient. The EMR serves as a continuity of care from one hospital to another within the same organization (Hsieh, 2014). Consulting physicians also have quick access to recent diagnostic imaging, progress notes, and lab results. EMRs can help manage patients with chronic disease states, aid in data collection for use in research, and prevent adverse drug events (Hsieh, 2014). As useful as the EMR is to patient care there exist a few drawbacks when records are transformed from paper into the digital form. Even though patient health records can only be accessed from inside the hospital’s computers, the EMR can be accessed from anywhere inside the hospital or from another hospital or clinic within the same organization. Before the implementation of the EMR, healthcare staff had to go directly to the patient s physical chart and thumb through pages of information. Now, with the EMR, any hospital employee can access any patient s information anywhere inside the hospital. EMRs are more easily accessible, even to personnel not involved in the

The Techniques of Effective Written Communication - 737 Words

In this course, I learned about several techniques for effective written communication. The first skill was how to compose emails that convey neutral news. The second important skill I learned was about how to compose an email or letter that conveys bad news. These are two very important communications skills that transfer to any business sector. First, I learned about the best ways to compose emails or letters that convey neutral or neutral-good news. These emails are important for conveying pertinent information in a way that garners the attention of the reader. A neutral email can be similar to a memo in that they alert the reader about upcoming events or issues. However, the writer needs to be aware of the best way of saying things to capture the readers attention. The opening of the email states a main idea: to signal what the letter will be about without a long-winded introduction. The opening sentence is like the in reference to part of a memorandum. It can be just one sentence long, just enough to tell the reader what the email is about so that it does not get tossed into the trash. For example, the writer might want to say something like, this email is in response to your question about ¦ The body of the email provides details about the central subject. Because an email conveying neutral news must be to the point and brief, the details will not take up much space. However, they should be presented in an easy-to-read format, which may mean using bold type,Show MoreRelatedEvaluation Of Interpersonal And Written Techniques1500 Words   |  6 Pageswhich covers the evaluation of interpersonal written techniques. I will provide strong insights of each techniques in each category. I am going give an in-depth explanation of the advantages and disadvantages of two techniques each from written communication and interpersonal skills. From interpersonal skills I have to choose to evaluate the use of positive language and active engagement. For written communication skills I will be evaluating the effective advantages and disadvantages of using smileys/emoticonsRead MoreGroup Communication Essay1262 Words   |  6 PagesGroup Communication Effective group communications come in forms of verbal and non-verbal techniques. Essential parts of the entire group’s contribution are that the group contains full participating members, the group is diverse, and that the diversity is recognized and respected (Hartley, 1997). In the videos viewed, three were evaluated on the effective and ineffective communication skills of the participants and suggestions made on how they could improve. The videos are titled, â€Å"PlanningRead MoreCommunication: A Fundamental Part of the Early Childhood Teachers Role1725 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will discuss communication as being a fundamental part of the early childhood teacher’s role. Educators will communicate with many people during the course of their day. 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Effective communication is like a house built one block at a time. First to build a house trust must be built; trust is not a group process it is created in one to one connections with each individual. SecondRead MoreCommunication Is The Process Of Transmitting And Understanding Information958 Words   |  4 PagesHow has communication changed in the past century? Before that question is answered, one must know what communication is. The book defines communication as the process of transmitting and understanding information. Communication is also known as the task of imparting ideas and making oneself understood to others. Good communication can ultimately affect a business’s profit. For example, the way a waitress speaks to a customer co uld directly influence the sales of a restaurant. She could talk a tableRead MoreCritical And Sophisticated Type Of Academic Writing And Can Easily Be Constructed By Breaking Down Its Basic Structure933 Words   |  4 Pages However incorrect use of these basic steps can lead the paper to lack cohesion making the paper unclear to the reader. Key components such as sentence structure, paragraph structure, content and presentation are vital in the construction of an effective academic essay. The academic essay is a response to a question using appropriate content. It is a style of writing in which the writer expresses a point of view on a particular topic by critically analysing and evaluating the information and then

Everyday Use by Alice Walker Essay - 888 Words

People identify themselves by their colour, culture, language or religion. The identity goes back to generations and it doesn#8217;t start or change within the individual. It is an evolutionary process where each person brings upon some changes. This is best described in Alice Walker#8217;s short story, #8220;Everyday Use#8221;, where three characters, a mother and two daughters, are portrayed differently, each with its different qualities and philosophies on life that are often seen in generations. Heritage is an important part of a person#8217;s life. It tells the person where it came from and helps the person reach its destiny, almost like a road map. In this story, Dee has trouble understanding the meaning of heritage.†¦show more content†¦#8216;She#8217;d probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use.#8217; #8216;I reckon she would,#8217; I said. #8216;God knows I been saving #8216;em for long enough with nobody using #8216;em. I hope she will!#8217; I didn#82 17;t want to bring up how I had offered Dee (Wangero) a quilt when she went away to college. Then she had told me they were old-fashioned, out of style. #8216;Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years they#8217;d be in rags. Less than that!#8217; [#8230;] #8216;Well,#8217; I said, stumped. #8216;What would you do with them?#8217; #8216;Hang them,#8217; she said. As if that was the only thing you could do with quilts.#8221; (2245) The above shows how Dee has a different point of view on certain things. She wants to show that she is #8216;modern#8217; by exposing #8216;good, valuable#8217; things. She may have an appreciation for art, but this actually shows that she is of limited intelligence because she thinks that quilts could only be hung. Another example would be when she was taking pictures of the house. She behaves like a nervous tourist around unknown culture, capturing it all on film for some kind of display. She also changes her name from Dee to #8220;Wangero Leewan ika Kemanjol.#8221; (2243) To the great surprise of her mother, she says the following: #8220;I couldn#8217;t bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppressShow MoreRelatedEveryday Use By Alice Walker852 Words   |  4 Pagescomes or belongs to one by reason of birth. In â€Å"Everyday Use†, by Alice Walker, the theme of the story can be considered as the meaning of heritage or even the power of education. Alice Walker uses many symbols and motifs such as the following: quilts, education, knowledge, Asalamalakim, and the renaming of Dee. In the story, African heritage and knowledge takes a major role. The African heritage plays a major role in the story, â€Å"Everyday Use†. Alice Walker emphasizes the meaning of heritage by havingRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1372 Words   |  6 PagesEverday Use† research paper In â€Å"everyday Use,† Alice Walker tells a narrative of a mother’s frustrating relationship together with her two daughters. At this facet, â€Å",Everyday Use†, tells that how a mom little by little refuses the cursory values of her older, successful daughter at the aspect of the useful values of her younger, much less lucky daughter. On a deeper outlook, Alice Walker takes on the theme of heritage and its norms as it applies to African-Americans. Everday Use, is set insideRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1102 Words   |  5 Pagespoem â€Å"Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers† can be read similar to Alice Walker s short story Everyday Use† both are compared by the women’s ways of showing their strengths and how they identify their values, expressions and strength. Advertised in the general outlines of the plot, both literary themes talks of a quest for freedom, the characters identity and self-expression. Adrienne Rich â€Å"Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers† Alice Walker â€Å"Everyday Use† Comparison Paper Analyzing the two types of literatureRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1372 Words   |  6 Pagessociety as a whole, but more specifically in the African American Community. Alice Walker gives slight insight into   what being forced   to assimilate is like. She says in her short story Everyday Use: She will stand hopelessly in corners homely and ashamed of the burn scars down her arms and legs eyeing her sister with a mixture of envy and awe. Statements such as these are a regular occurrence in her works. Walker often speaks on the ever so disheartening topic of cultural assimilation and theRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker996 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker, the author describes different ideas about one’s heritage. Culture and heritage is at the main point of the story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker as symbolized by the quilt. The bond that Mother and Maggie share is brought by their common talent to make works of art like quilts. Dee does not have similar capacity because she does not appreciate manual labor nor believes in her heritage. The idea of pride in culture, heritage, and family is the mainRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1721 Words   |  7 PagesIn her short story â€Å"Everyday Use,† Alice Walker summarizes the representation of the beauty, the conflicts and struggles within African-American culture. â€Å"Everyday Use† focuses mainly between members of the Johnson family, consisting of a mother and her two daughters. One of the daughters Maggie, who was injured in a house fire and has living a shy life clinging to her mother for security. Her older sister is Dee, who grew up with a grace and natural beauty. â€Å"Dee is lighter than Maggie, with nicerRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1655 Words   |  7 PagesIn â€Å"everyday Use,† Alice Walker tells a narrative of a mother’s frustrating relationship together with her two dau ghters. At this facet, â€Å",Everyday Use†, tells that how a mom little by little refuses the cursory values of her older, successful daughter at the aspect of the useful values of her younger, much less lucky daughter. On a deeper outlook, Alice Walker takes on the theme of heritage and its norms as it applies to African-Americans. Everday Use, is set inside the late ,60s or mid ,70sRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1735 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker and â€Å"Brownies† by ZZ Packer are two different short stories with different lessons but both talk about the topic of race. Both stories talks about the time in the 20th century when slavery just ended but racism are still active between African Americans and Caucasians. Walker described a story about a single African American mother who is waiting for her daughter to arrive from college. Packer described a story about these African American fourth graders who are inRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1111 Words   |  5 Pagestheir culture. Alice Walker highlights and distinguishes the dissimilarities and clichà © of country African American women with the actualities that make up their lives. Characterized by short, compound sentences, with long adjectives and use of literary elements, her style is eloquent co nversational and authentic. Alice Walker’s short story, Everyday Use is stylistic, ironic and narrates profound interpretation of unique views and approaches to African-American culture. Walker’s use of characterizationRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1725 Words   |  7 Pages17 April 2017 Everything is Not What it Seems Sometimes people forget that heritage has to do with truly understanding their past. Many often misrepresent it, especially the younger generations who just accept its presence. Alice Walker’s short story, â€Å"Everyday Use,† revolves around an African American family that consists of three women, who are very different from each other. The story begins with Maggie and Mama waiting in the yard for Dee, the main character, to visit from Augusta. Dee is

Karmic Connections Free Essays

The meaning of the term Karma differentiates depending on the school of thought/ religion utilizing it. However, if we try and look at the conceptions closely we could see the resemblances of these meanings. Karma in its simplest sense reverberates the saying, â€Å"What goes around comes around†; it is the belief that whatever we do has an equivocal effect. We will write a custom essay sample on Karmic Connections or any similar topic only for you Order Now If we look at it from a spiritual level, it is said that Karma is a concept that constitutes our deeds, it is a universal law that governs our lives, claiming that for whatever action or decision we commit, it would reap for us a tantamount consequence in our current lifetime if not the next one. Karma does it always have to pertain to something bad, as penance for our wrong doings. We could also look at Karma as simply how our lives work. It is also the case that Karma may happen in order to teach us a lesson we have yet to realize, it may also enlighten us, guide us in our future actions. In accepting the Karmic ways in which our reality works, we come to a better understanding of our free will, in a sense that we come to be autonomously responsible for what we do. The events that may happen in the course of our lifetime would be born out of causal events we have willed into existence. Come to think of it, the most important acts we commit are always towards people, it is an inescapable fact that we would at some point connect our lives with the lives of other people. Karma is present in each and every link we create in our social sphere, even if such links may be perceived as shallow for us, how we react to such connections can be well change and affect other people. This often reminds me of a similar line of thought, the chaos theory; it states that a flutter of a butterfly’s wings may result to chaos on another end of this world. Perhaps this wouldn’t make sense right now but look at it this way. People are connected in a web of networks, at some point two very separate lives would intersect no matter how remote they are from one another based solely on a certain link they share in common. Think of it as the theory of â€Å"six degrees separation†. We could be active or passive participants in these connections, either way we’ll have our actions would have a certain effect on it. In the things that we have direct contact with people, strangers, lovers, family, or friends, we engage in the process of Karma, knowingly or unknowingly, we could change the course of other people’s lives. Connections are so powerful, underestimated to a point wherein we assume that only the closest ones are important. Take for example, not letting a person go before you at the pharmacy, even if your just buying cough syrup, and that person ends up losing someone just because s/he was two minutes late. It could also be that you were able to teach an ex-lover the value of him/herself by dumping him/her. When you meet a stranger in the park, and you offer a smile, you might have just sealed your faith with your future partner in life. The Hotdog vendor, the dime you give him might win him the lottery. There are so many ways in which we can influence and change the lives of people, as Peter Parker said in Spiderman 3, â€Å"Our lives are made of choices, and we could always choose to do what’s right†, or in this case, even if we can’t control the outcome of the things we do, we could always act to touch others with goodness of intent, faith, and will. Perhaps the sartorial indulgence bothers me a lot, simply because I personally don’t see why I worry too much about how I look. There’s always the knowledge that people shouldn’t be judged based on appearances but then again, at some point we can’t help not worrying how others perceive us, even if it’s just the jeans were wearing. Trivialities can hinder the soul. References: Ellen A Mogensen, Past Now Forward Holistic Counseling, (2006), http://www.healpastlives.com/future/rule/ruescape.htm, July, 30, 2007 Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev, Life and Death: Ways to Overcome Bondage of Karma, in The Global Oneness Commitment, (2006), http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Life_and_Death/id/218227,   (July, 30, 2007) How to cite Karmic Connections, Essay examples

Equality Before The Law Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Is equality before the law an empty concept for a self-represented litigant? Answer: The fundamental concept of the legal system is equality before law. The judges in the court administers an oath before entering into the offices and promises to abide by thelaw and comply all relevant provisions of law without discriminating against sex, religion or biasness. The judges must use fairness in dealing with the litigants irrespective of their gender, caste, sex, religion, economic background and other characteristics. The judicial officers must respect and show courtesy to the pillars oflaw making body and law enforcing body of the state. Equality before law does not mean to have similar treatment it means equal treatment before the law. Everybody who comes into contact with the court framework irrespective of represented or self-represented not only be dealt fairly but also without any form of discrimination[1]. The judges or the judicial officers should be neutral towards any possible biasness in respect to people from any background. The judges are there to support th e legal system of the country. Therefore, they should not indulge or involve in any activity which will treat any people on the basis of assumption that the people from that particular group will do such act. The Federal Court of Australia states that the court should provide a wide range of services to the self represented litigants. The court should provide services to the self represented litigants by providing assistance through the concerning them with the courts practice and procedure[2]. The Australian Justice System states that every litigant has the role and responsibility to put their case before the court in the best possible manner. The Civil Justice System considers that all parties should have the right to represent their own case. Bibliography: Flaherty, Michelle, "Self-Represented Litigants: A Sea Change In Adjudication"SSRN Electronic Journal. Goldschmidt, Jona and Loretta Stalans, "Lawyers Perceptions Of The Fairness Of Judicial Assistance To Self-Represented Litigants " (2012) 30Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice. "Lawyers Perceptions Of The Fairness Of Judicial Assistance To Self-Represented Litigants" (2012) 30Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice.

Human Resource Management In MNEs †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Does Hr Really Work In Multinational Enterprises? Answer: Introduction: Internationalization and globalisation have become the ruling phenomena in the modern world. A globalised economy has been created where companies from a different region seem to be same region-states. Most importantly, in the shared global economy, a Multinational Enterprise seems to adopt the same strategy and best practices, leading to homogenization. HRM practices are also not different from other strategic and management best practices. MNEs like Google, Microsoft, Facebook, Unilever, PG and many others are taking international HRM practices for the parent company as well as for the subsidiaries. While coordination of HRM practices in parent and subsidiaries is pressurised, it is found out that most MNEs are able to operate successfully based on their national level strategies (Cox, 2014). This is possible by maintaining and being responsive towards cultural and emotional aspects of the local, regional as well as national level. The current easy, therefore, focuses on identifying the possibility of integrating the same best practice of HRM in almost all business units including subsidiaries, franchisees and the parent company. In order to do so, the essay analyses best practice in staffing and performance management in MNEs like Google and Unilever while linking HRM theories to these best practices. After analysing the best practices, the challenges facing the MNEs in integrating HRM practices are analysed and the conclusion is drawn on the possibility of HRM working in MNEs. HRM practices and its relevance in MNEs Employee Staffing: Staffing is the process of employee recruitment, screening, and selection in a business organization to fulfil the aims of the business organization. Staffing contributes to the growth and the development of financial performance by enhancing the labour productivity of the firm. Staffing help to select the best employees for the organization thereby create a competitive advantage of the firm. Moreover, staffing and effective training process in the organization aids in buffering the harmful impact of economic recession and recover more quickly. Staffing creates an impact on the acquisition of generic human capital resources (Kim Ployhart, 2014). Guest model of HRM would help in better understanding of employee staffing. David Guest developed the HRM model that has six dimensions of analysis. This model is based on the assumption that HRM and personnel management are the two distinct things. HRM helps in increasing the commitment among the employees that have a direct relationship with the valued business consequences. According to this model. The relationship between commitment and high performance is quite difficult to establish but the flow approach within the model can result in a variety of outcomes (Wright, et al., 2015). This model is focused on employee behaviour and commitment, which are considered to be essential in strategic management. This model seems to uphold the meaning of employee staffing as appropriate HRM strategy create performance, behavioural and financial outcome. Googles process of recruiting employees focuses on finding employees who are able to bring new perspective and life experiences within the organization. The recruitment and the training facilities of the organization have ranked Google as the best company to work for' in 2012. The company has experienced and well-paid recruiter who is responsible for selecting the best employees for the organization. Google has an online portal where interested candidates can apply. The online applications are screened and then the selected candidates are called for the interview. After the interview is done, independent hiring committee at different levels of the organization reviews the performance of the candidate and work samples and after this, the hiring decisions are undertaken. The hiring committees ensure that the recruitment and selection of the employees are done as per the established standards within the organization (Careers.google.com, 2017). In Unilever, the HRM put stress on developing a great culture for creating sustainability within the organization. The HR department employs innovative and people centric approaches that help in attracting, developing and retaining the best talents within the organization. Presently, there are 169,000 employees working in Unilever globally. The selected candidates have to pass through different stages of screening to be selected within the organization. The employees are motivated as the HRM provides the employees with the freedom to undertake innovative approaches. Unilever provides messages in their recruitment advertisement that motivate the candidates to join the company. Unilever mainly relies on LinkedIn to attract the best talent to the organization. The candidates have to go through different screening to be finally selected within the organization (Unilever.com, 2017). Performance management: Performance management of any organisation refers to a method that is important for both the employees as well as managers for creating a planning, reviewing as well as monitoring the work object as well as the overall contribution of the employees in the workplace. Performance management plays an important role in any organisation by creating an improvement in the performance of the organisation. Along with that, it also assists the organisation to retain their staff and make them loyal so that it can help them to create a productive organisation (Van Dooren et al., 2015). Performance management is helpful for managers by saving their time as well as reducing the conflicts among the employees. An effective performance management is also helpful for employees by clarifying their job responsibility as well as clearly defining the career path of the employees. Performance management is mainly combining different types of factors such as developing an effective performance management re lated goals that must be well defined in nature. After that, it is mandatory to monitor the progress of employees so that managers can observe whether the target goal is achieved by employees or not. Next, it is mandatory to develop an effective appraisal process so that the performances of the employees can be effectively observed and according to their performance, an effective compensation can be provided (Seuring Gold, 2013). For the implementation of the successful performance management, Harvard school has developed a framework that mainly describes that the problem regarding the management of some historical personnel can be resolved if the manager of the organisation can state the way by which they want to involve employees in the organisational work. It is also imperative to state the practices along with the policies that can help in achieving the goals. Harvard school provides two different characteristic features such as responsibility must be accepted by the managers in order to ensure alignment of personal policies. The other characteristic is different personnel that are involved in personnel management must have the mission in setting the policies(Seuring Gold, 2013). Therefore, according to the Harvard model to satisfy the interest of different stakeholders such as employees, managers, government, it is mandatory to develop good HRM policies by considering different situational factors so th at they can manage the performance of different level of employees and achieve human resource related outcomes such as commitment, efficiency in cost, as well as congruence. In early 2000, an innovative employee review system was adopted by Google but at the present time the organisation they involve their employees in setting goal along with that they also involve their employees in outlining the series of the results that are measurable in nature. Google follows a centralised performance management process that means their performance management process is same in every country and every branch of them (Mello Mello, 2017). For measuring the performance, Google mainly involves their employees in rating process based on the five point scale that mainly ranges from the need of improvement to the excellent performance category. For managing performance, Google utilises peer feedback process, calibrating process and annual review process for discussing the payment structure. In their peer review process, Google involves employees and their managers to select a peer group that are generally junior employees and after that, they are instructed to list down s ome capabilities among employees that need to be developed (Mello Mello, 2017). In the calibrating process, the managers of different groups are generally involved them in any meeting so that they can review the staff involves in their group. Google generally conducts an annual review of the performance of their employees so that they can decide pay structure of employees as per their performance which is one of the motivating factors. It has been observed that in order to expand their branch in the different country, Unilever has conducted an effective merger and acquisition strategy (DeNisi Smith, 2014). With the help of acquisition, Unilever has expanded their businesses through the subsidiary organisation for which in a different country the organisation has different types of performance management technique because in the different subsidiary organisation and in the main organisation of Unilever, they mainly follow different types of management style. However, the organisation manages the performances with the help of the assessment of strength and weaknesses of employees so that they can decide increment, incentives based on their strength and training and development strategy based on the weaknesses of Unilever. Challenges in integrating the HRM strategies globally by MNEs: Whether it is performance management or staffing or compensation management, the difference between parent company HRM strategies and its subsidiary strategies is clear. If a parent company wants to incorporate HRM practices, especially those related to wage, working hours, compensation, benefits, equality and respect in the workplace, the gap between parent and subsidiary becomes deeper. For example, Unilever needs to work under the supreme control of Legislation and Acts in the UK. The Equality Act, 2010 bounds both Unilever and Google to give equal pay, wage, benefits and respect irrespective of gender differentiation. However, the same companies are not such strictly bounded by in the US due to the loose legislative measures. This creates a problem for an MNE to use uniform HRM practices through all its business units. In case of Google, the company seems to adopt HRM practices in systems, organisational structures, staffing and performance management as well. A uniform less hier archical structure is followed for all HRM practices, but in accordance with the local and regional policies, legislations, emotions and cultural aspects (Thomas Karodia, 2014). However, the case for Unilever is different. Unilever has its specific strategies for its parent company and for its subsidiaries. In fact, the subsidiaries of Unilever work independently where there are no such similarities between the best practices followed in parent and subsidiaries (Unilever.co.uk, 2017). Another challenge faced by MNEs is that of cultural distance that bounds the organisations to implement HRM practices in all its subsidiaries. The transfer of HRM best practice faces its challenge in the form of institutional distance as well (Cox, 2014). While Subsidiaries are pressurised to make incorporate both internal and external legitimacy, it is the responsibility of the subsidiary organisation to make decisions on adopting strategies. It is required for balancing with the local cultural aspects that are very important to adhere to for the success of an organisation. In case of Google, neither in staffing policy nor in performance management system, the company has loosened its grasp over the subsidiaries(Thomas Karodia, 2014). The same policy is followed everywhere. Even after that, the company is running successfully. This can be referred as the effect of well designed organisational structure, system, corporate structure, corporate management, governance system and their good integration with the HRM best practices. Unilever seems to be affected by the cultural challenges and institutional distance which has resulted in lesser control over the subsidiaries in terms of HRM practices(Unilever.co.uk, 2017). Conclusion: Thus, from the above analysis, it can be stated that uniform HRM practices throughout an MNE are difficult. The major reasons identified are cultural differences, political and legal environment as well as the industry level environment. As seen from the analysis, same staffing strategies can be overcome through same performance management strategies are difficult to implement. Companies like Google are rare though most companies like Unilever find it difficult to cope up with the most important challenge that is a cultural challenge. This led the MNEs to leave strategic actions on the subsidiaries. Therefore, it can be said implementing HRM can only be possible if the business environment, especially, political, cultural and legal environment are quite same or bear some resemblance. Otherwise, companies will find it difficult to implement HRM best practices throughout all subsidiaries. References Careers.google.com, 2017. How we hire. 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